English
中文简体Nickel Alloy Tubes, especially nickel alloy tubes with specific ratios, such as Invar Alloy and Super Invar Alloy, play an important role in the field of precision equipment due to their low thermal expansion coefficient. , ensuring the stable operation of the equipment.
The secret to low thermal expansion coefficient
Material composition and structure:
Invar Alloy is mainly composed of iron (Fe) and nickel (Ni), with a typical ratio of Fe-36%Ni. This alloy exhibits significant low thermal expansion characteristics near the Curie point. Its face-centered cubic structure and the characteristics of ferromagnetic and non-ferromagnetic transition are the key to the low thermal expansion phenomenon.
Super Invar Alloy is further optimized on the basis of Invar alloy. By adding elements such as cobalt (Co), it further reduces the thermal expansion coefficient and meets the demand for higher precision.
Invar effect:
Below the Curie point of Invar alloy, the magnetostrictive effect due to ferromagnetism and the thermal expansion cancel each other out, resulting in a thermal expansion coefficient close to zero or even negative. This abnormal thermal expansion phenomenon is called the "Invar effect".
When the temperature approaches or exceeds the Curie point, the ferromagnetism of the alloy weakens or disappears, and the thermal expansion coefficient gradually returns to normal levels. Therefore, the thermal expansion coefficient of Invar alloy is extremely low near the Curie point.
Quantum Waves and Electronic Structure:
Research in recent years has shown that quantum fluctuations may also contribute to the low thermal expansion properties of Invar alloys. In low-temperature environments, the effect of quantum fluctuations on atomic spacing becomes significant, thereby affecting the thermal expansion behavior of the alloy.
In addition, phenomena such as the interaction between electrons and phonons and energy band splitting in Invar alloys also affect its low thermal expansion characteristics.
Ensure stable operation of precision equipment
Dimensional stability:
In precision equipment, such as precision instruments and meters, the pendulum of standard clocks, balance wheels and hairsprings of clocks, etc., the dimensional stability of materials is extremely demanding. The low thermal expansion coefficient of Nickel Alloy Tubes ensures that the dimensions of these parts remain virtually unchanged when temperature changes, thus ensuring the accuracy and stability of the equipment.
Reduce thermal stress:
In a working environment with large temperature changes, ordinary metal materials will generate large thermal stress due to thermal expansion and contraction. The low thermal expansion characteristics of Nickel Alloy Tubes significantly reduce the generation of this thermal stress and extend the service life of the equipment.
Improve device performance:
In applications that require high precision and stability, such as aerospace, microwave communications, nuclear reactor measurement and other fields, the excellent performance of Nickel Alloy Tubes provides reliable support for the equipment. They are resistant to extreme temperature changes and complex working environments, ensuring stable equipment performance.
Nickel Alloy Tubes play an important role in the field of precision equipment due to their low thermal expansion coefficient. Its unique material composition, Invar effect and quantum fluctuation mechanisms together constitute the secret of its low thermal expansion properties. These characteristics not only ensure the stable operation of precision equipment, but also promote technological progress and industrial development in related fields.
